AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM CONCERNS IN 21ST CENTURY URDU POETRY: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY

Abstract

Ecocriticism is an emerging discourse in literary studies. It is the study of the relationship between literature and the physical environment. Ecocriticism as a concept first arose in the late 1970s, at a meeting of the WLA. Ecocriticism deals with environmental pollution like air, noise, thermal, radioactivity, land, and water pollution. Urdu poetry has expanded so much on the thematic level that all the problems of life have been included in it. Along with other environmental problems, water-related issues are also highlighted in Urdu poetry of the 21st century. The importance of Water cannot be repudiated and the significance of this biological essence has even extended the human quest to the discovery of exoplanets through launching powerful telescopes like Hubble and The James Web, outside this atmosphere cost investment of billions of dollars and human genius. But this is an ironic situation as all this scientific advancement and achievements come off at the cost of intoxicating the resources of planet Earth; resultantly going to put humanity on the verge of extinction. 70% of our planet earth is covered with water reservoirs and out of it 4% is potable which runs into streams and rivers to fulfill the needs of human beings but regrettably man is contaminating and intoxicating these drinkable as well as non-drinkable resources and this process is coming with great speed. This article has brought up this issue with reference to Urdu literature under the limelight and how water contamination is affecting human beings and aquatic life. Installation of industries within communities is puking out toxic wastes into rivers and streams and likewise, maritime transport is hazardous for marine life and it has been highlighted by the poets and writers through their masterpieces. This article will help us to understand and comprehend what the courtesy literature has shown on this serious issue of humanity. Ecocriticism hence has addressed issues related to water pollution and its impact on the health of human and aquatic life.